Accretion disks around black holes with account of magnetic fields ∗

Accretion disks are observed in young stars, cataclysmic variables, binary X-ray sources et al. Accretion disk theory was first developed as a theory with the local heat balance, where the whole energy produced by a viscous heating was emitted to the sides of the disk. Important part of this theory was the phenomenological treatment of the turbulent viscosity, known the “ alpha” prescription, where the (rφ) component of the stress tensor was connected with the pressure as αP . Sources of turbulence in the accretion disk are discussed, including hydrodynamic turbulence, convection and magnetic field role. Optically thin solution and advective disks are considered. Related problems of mass ejection from magnetized accretion disks and jet formation are discussed.